To understand the problem, it helps to understand how your urinary system actually functions.

• Kidneys filter urine from the blood and this is stored in your bladder.
• The bladder is a hollow muscular organ that holds the urine until you decide that you feel full (hopefully at about 300mls).
• When you reach the toilet, you relax your pelvic floor muscles and your brain gives permission for the bladder muscle to contract, squeezing the urine out through the urethra – the tube from the bladder to the outside.
• When the bladder muscle contracts, the muscle that holds the bladder outlet tube (urethra) shuts during storage (called the sphincter), relaxes to allow the urine to pass through. In men, the urinary sphincter muscle is located below the prostate. The sphincter muscle surrounds the urethra.
• The whole system is supported by the muscles of the pelvic floor that run from the tip of your tailbone through to the pubic bone (the front bone of your pelvis).

Urine is about 95 percent water and five percent waste. Some people incorrectly believe that by drinking less fluid, they will reduce their bladder control loss. In fact, urine that is more concentrated due to lack of fluid intake can irritate the bladder and cause more serious problems such as infection and dehydration. In addition, inadequate fluid intake can cause constipation, which may also make matters worse.